CVE-2025-15469

Published Jan 27, 2026

Last updated 5 days ago

Overview

AI description

Automated description summarized from trusted sources.

CVE-2025-15469 describes a data truncation vulnerability within the OpenSSL `dgst` command-line tool. This flaw occurs when the tool is used with one-shot signing algorithms, such as Ed25519, Ed448, or ML-DSA variants, to process files exceeding 16MB in size. Instead of signaling an error, the `dgst` command silently truncates the input data to the first 16MB and proceeds as if the entire file was processed successfully. This silent truncation creates an integrity gap, meaning that any data in the file beyond the initial 16MB can be altered without detection. The vulnerability primarily impacts workflows where both the signing and verification of files are performed using the affected `openssl dgst` command. OpenSSL versions 3.5 and 3.6 are susceptible to this issue, while earlier versions are not.

Description: Issue summary: The 'openssl dgst' command-line tool silently truncates input data to 16MB when using one-shot signing algorithms and reports success instead of an error. Impact summary: A user signing or verifying files larger than 16MB with one-shot algorithms (such as Ed25519, Ed448, or ML-DSA) may believe the entire file is authenticated while trailing data beyond 16MB remains unauthenticated. When the 'openssl dgst' command is used with algorithms that only support one-shot signing (Ed25519, Ed448, ML-DSA-44, ML-DSA-65, ML-DSA-87), the input is buffered with a 16MB limit. If the input exceeds this limit, the tool silently truncates to the first 16MB and continues without signaling an error, contrary to what the documentation states. This creates an integrity gap where trailing bytes can be modified without detection if both signing and verification are performed using the same affected codepath. The issue affects only the command-line tool behavior. Verifiers that process the full message using library APIs will reject the signature, so the risk primarily affects workflows that both sign and verify with the affected 'openssl dgst' command. Streaming digest algorithms for 'openssl dgst' and library users are unaffected. The FIPS modules in 3.5 and 3.6 are not affected by this issue, as the command-line tools are outside the OpenSSL FIPS module boundary. OpenSSL 3.5 and 3.6 are vulnerable to this issue. OpenSSL 3.4, 3.3, 3.0, 1.1.1 and 1.0.2 are not affected by this issue.
Source: openssl-security@openssl.org
NVD status: Analyzed
Products: openssl

Risk scores

CVSS 3.1

Type: Secondary
Base score: 5.5
Impact score: 3.6
Exploitability score: 1.8
Vector string: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Severity: MEDIUM

Weaknesses

openssl-security@openssl.org: CWE-347

Hype score is a measure of social media activity compared against trending CVEs from the past 12 months. Max score 100.

Hype score: 7

Configurations

[
  {
    "nodes": [
      {
        "negate": false,
        "cpeMatch": [
          {
            "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "vulnerable": true,
            "matchCriteriaId": "1CAC7CBE-EC03-4089-938A-0CEEB2E09B62",
            "versionEndExcluding": "3.5.5",
            "versionStartIncluding": "3.5.0"
          },
          {
            "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "vulnerable": true,
            "matchCriteriaId": "68352537-5E99-4F4D-B78A-BCF0353A70A5",
            "versionEndExcluding": "3.6.1",
            "versionStartIncluding": "3.6.0"
          }
        ],
        "operator": "OR"
      }
    ]
  }
]

References

Sources include official advisories and independent security research.