CVE-2025-25249

Published Jan 13, 2026

Last updated 16 days ago

Exploit known CVSS high 8.1

Fortinet FortiOS

VDI

Network

VPN

SMTP

FortiSwitchManager

Overview

AI description

Automated description summarized from trusted sources.

CVE-2025-25249 is a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability affecting Fortinet FortiOS and FortiSwitchManager products. This flaw allows remote attackers to execute unauthorized code or commands on vulnerable devices. The vulnerability is triggered by sending specially crafted network packets to the affected systems. It exists within the `cw_acd` daemon in FortiOS and FortiSwitchManager. Multiple versions of FortiOS (including 6.4, 7.0, 7.2, 7.4, and 7.6 branches) and FortiSwitchManager (versions 7.0 and 7.2) are impacted.

Description: A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Fortinet FortiOS 7.6.0 through 7.6.3, FortiOS 7.4.0 through 7.4.8, FortiOS 7.2.0 through 7.2.11, FortiOS 7.0.0 through 7.0.17, FortiOS 6.4 all versions, FortiSwitchManager 7.2.0 through 7.2.6, FortiSwitchManager 7.0.0 through 7.0.5 allows attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via specially crafted packets
Source: psirt@fortinet.com
NVD status: Analyzed
Products: fortios, fortiswitchmanager, fortisase, ruggedcom_ape1808_firmware

Risk scores

CVSS 3.1

Type: Primary
Base score: 9.8
Impact score: 5.9
Exploitability score: 3.9
Vector string: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Severity: CRITICAL

Known exploits

Data from CISA

Vulnerability name: Fortinet Multiple Products Heap-based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability
Exploit added on: Sep 9, 2026
Exploit action due: Sep 12, 2026
Required action: Apply mitigations in accordance with vendor instructions, ensuring compliance with CISA’s BOD 26-04 Prioritizing Security Updates Based on Risk (see URL in Notes) guidance and CISA’s “Forensics Triage Requirements” (see URL in Notes). Follow applicable BOD 26-04 guidance for cloud services or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable. Stakeholders are responsible for evaluating each asset's internet exposure and ensuring adherence to BOD 26-04 patching guidelines.

Weaknesses

psirt@fortinet.com: CWE-122
nvd@nist.gov: CWE-787

Hype score: Not currently trending

Configurations

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References

Sources include official advisories and independent security research.