CVE-2025-54539

Published Oct 16, 2025

Last updated 7 months ago

Overview

AI description

Automated description summarized from trusted sources.

CVE-2025-54539 is a deserialization of untrusted data vulnerability found in the Apache ActiveMQ NMS AMQP Client, affecting all versions up to and including 2.3.0. This flaw allows malicious AMQP servers to exploit unbounded deserialization logic within the client when a connection is established. By crafting specific responses, these servers can achieve arbitrary code execution on the client-side system. The vulnerability, classified as CWE-502, arises because the client processes data received from an AMQP server without adequate validation of incoming object types. Although version 2.1.0 introduced a mechanism to restrict deserialization through allow/deny lists, this protection was found to be bypassable under certain conditions.

Description: A Deserialization of Untrusted Data vulnerability exists in the Apache ActiveMQ NMS AMQP Client. This issue affects all versions of Apache ActiveMQ NMS AMQP up to and including 2.3.0, when establishing connections to untrusted AMQP servers. Malicious servers could exploit unbounded deserialization logic present in the client to craft responses that may lead to arbitrary code execution on the client side. Although version 2.1.0 introduced a mechanism to restrict deserialization via allow/deny lists, the protection was found to be bypassable under certain conditions. In line with Microsoft’s deprecation of binary serialization in .NET 9, the project is evaluating the removal of .NET binary serialization support from the NMS API entirely in future releases. Mitigation and Recommendations: Users are strongly encouraged to upgrade to version 2.4.0 or later, which resolves the issue. Additionally, projects depending on NMS-AMQP should migrate away from .NET binary serialization as part of a long-term hardening strategy.
Source: security@apache.org
NVD status: Analyzed
Products: activemq_nms_amqp

Risk scores

CVSS 3.1

Type: Secondary
Base score: 9.8
Impact score: 5.9
Exploitability score: 3.9
Vector string: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Severity: CRITICAL

Weaknesses

security@apache.org: CWE-502

Hype score is a measure of social media activity compared against trending CVEs from the past 12 months. Max score 100.

Hype score: 7

Configurations

[
  {
    "nodes": [
      {
        "cpeMatch": [
          {
            "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:apache:activemq_nms_amqp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "matchCriteriaId": "933FFB4D-689A-4834-8733-EE9896BFCBD5",
            "versionEndExcluding": "2.4.0",
            "vulnerable": true
          }
        ],
        "negate": false,
        "operator": "OR"
      }
    ]
  }
]

References

Sources include official advisories and independent security research.