CVE-2025-59534

Published Sep 23, 2025

Last updated 2 months ago

Overview

AI description

Automated description summarized from trusted sources.

CVE-2025-59534 is a command injection vulnerability found in CryptoLib, a software solution used for secure communication between spacecraft and ground stations. Specifically, the vulnerability exists in the `initialize_kerberos_keytab_file_login()` function. The flaw arises because the code directly incorporates user-controlled input into a shell command without proper validation or sanitization, and then executes this command using `system()`. This vulnerability, present in CryptoLib versions prior to 1.4.2, was patched in version 1.4.2. The vulnerability remained hidden for three years, between September 2022 and September 2025.

Description: CryptoLib provides a software-only solution using the CCSDS Space Data Link Security Protocol - Extended Procedures (SDLS-EP) to secure communications between a spacecraft running the core Flight System (cFS) and a ground station. Prior to version 1.4.2, there is a command Injection vulnerability in initialize_kerberos_keytab_file_login(). The vulnerability exists because the code directly interpolates user-controlled input into a shell command and executes it via system() without any sanitization or validation. This issue has been patched in version 1.4.2.
Source: security-advisories@github.com
NVD status: Analyzed
Products: cryptolib

Risk scores

CVSS 3.1

Type: Primary
Base score: 7.8
Impact score: 5.9
Exploitability score: 1.8
Vector string: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Severity: HIGH

Weaknesses

security-advisories@github.com: CWE-78

Hype score: Not currently trending

Configurations

[
  {
    "nodes": [
      {
        "negate": false,
        "cpeMatch": [
          {
            "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:nasa:cryptolib:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "vulnerable": true,
            "matchCriteriaId": "E4DDC475-C0F4-45E8-B998-99004402B827",
            "versionEndExcluding": "1.4.2"
          }
        ],
        "operator": "OR"
      }
    ]
  }
]

References

Sources include official advisories and independent security research.