IoT vulnerabilities

RIOT-OS, an operating system for Internet of Things (IoT) devices, contains a network stack with the ability to process 6LoWPAN frames. Prior to version 2023.04, an attacker can send crafted frames to the device to trigger the usage of an uninitialized object leading to denial of service. This issue is fixed in version 2023.04. As a workaround, disable fragment forwarding or SFR.

The listed versions of Nexx Smart Home devices could allow any user to register an already registered alarm or associated device with only the device’s MAC address.

The listed versions of Nexx Smart Home devices use a WebSocket server that does not validate if the bearer token in the Authorization header belongs to the device attempting to associate. This could allow any authorized user to receive alarm information and signals meant for other devices which leak a deviceId.

The listed versions of Nexx Smart Home devices lack proper access control when executing actions. An attacker with a valid NexxHome deviceId could retrieve device history, set device settings, and retrieve device information.

The listed versions of Nexx Smart Home devices use hard-coded credentials. An attacker with unauthenticated access to the Nexx Home mobile application or the affected firmware could view the credentials and access the MQ Telemetry Server (MQTT) server and the ability to remotely control garage doors or smart plugs for any customer.

TP-Link Archer AX21 (AX1800) firmware versions before 1.1.4 Build 20230219 contained a command injection vulnerability in the country form of the /cgi-bin/luci;stok=/locale endpoint on the web management interface. Specifically, the country parameter of the write operation was not sanitized before being used in a call to popen(), allowing an unauthenticated attacker to inject commands, which would be run as root, with a simple POST request.

Microsoft Exchange Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

D-Link Go-RT-AC750 GORTAC750_revA_v101b03 and GO-RT-AC750_revB_FWv200b02 are vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via cgibin, hnap_main,

D-Link DIR-820L 1.05B03 was discovered to contain remote command execution (RCE) vulnerability via HTTP POST to get set ccp.

An integer overflow was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in tvOS 15.2, macOS Monterey 12.1, Safari 15.2, iOS 15.2 and iPadOS 15.2, watchOS 8.3. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution.

ThroughTek's Kalay Platform 2.0 network allows an attacker to impersonate an arbitrary ThroughTek (TUTK) device given a valid 20-byte uniquely assigned identifier (UID). This could result in an attacker hijacking a victim's connection and forcing them into supplying credentials needed to access the victim TUTK device.

Realtek Jungle SDK version v2.x up to v3.4.14B provides an HTTP web server exposing a management interface that can be used to configure the access point. Two versions of this management interface exists: one based on Go-Ahead named webs and another based on Boa named boa. Both of them are affected by these vulnerabilities. Specifically, these binaries are vulnerable to the following issues: - stack buffer overflow in formRebootCheck due to unsafe copy of submit-url parameter - stack buffer overflow in formWsc due to unsafe copy of submit-url parameter - stack buffer overflow in formWlanMultipleAP due to unsafe copy of submit-url parameter - stack buffer overflow in formWlSiteSurvey due to unsafe copy of ifname parameter - stack buffer overflow in formStaticDHCP due to unsafe copy of hostname parameter - stack buffer overflow in formWsc due to unsafe copy of 'peerPin' parameter - arbitrary command execution in formSysCmd via the sysCmd parameter - arbitrary command injection in formWsc via the 'peerPin' parameter Exploitability of identified issues will differ based on what the end vendor/manufacturer did with the Realtek SDK webserver. Some vendors use it as-is, others add their own authentication implementation, some kept all the features from the server, some remove some of them, some inserted their own set of features. However, given that Realtek SDK implementation is full of insecure calls and that developers tends to re-use those examples in their custom code, any binary based on Realtek SDK webserver will probably contains its own set of issues on top of the Realtek ones (if kept). Successful exploitation of these issues allows remote attackers to gain arbitrary code execution on the device.

Realtek Jungle SDK version v2.x up to v3.4.14B provides a diagnostic tool called 'MP Daemon' that is usually compiled as 'UDPServer' binary. The binary is affected by multiple memory corruption vulnerabilities and an arbitrary command injection vulnerability that can be exploited by remote unauthenticated attackers.

Realtek Jungle SDK version v2.x up to v3.4.14B provides a 'WiFi Simple Config' server that implements both UPnP and SSDP protocols. The binary is usually named wscd or mini_upnpd and is the successor to miniigd. The server is vulnerable to a stack buffer overflow vulnerability that is present due to unsafe parsing of the UPnP SUBSCRIBE/UNSUBSCRIBE Callback header. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability allows remote unauthenticated attackers to gain arbitrary code execution on the affected device.

Realtek Jungle SDK version v2.x up to v3.4.14B provides a 'WiFi Simple Config' server that implements both UPnP and SSDP protocols. The binary is usually named wscd or mini_upnpd and is the successor to miniigd. The server is vulnerable to a heap buffer overflow that is present due to unsafe crafting of SSDP NOTIFY messages from received M-SEARCH messages ST header.

Rockwell Automation Studio 5000 Logix Designer Versions 21 and later, and RSLogix 5000 Versions 16 through 20 use a key to verify Logix controllers are communicating with Rockwell Automation CompactLogix 1768, 1769, 5370, 5380, 5480: ControlLogix 5550, 5560, 5570, 5580; DriveLogix 5560, 5730, 1794-L34; Compact GuardLogix 5370, 5380; GuardLogix 5570, 5580; SoftLogix 5800. Rockwell Automation Studio 5000 Logix Designer Versions 21 and later and RSLogix 5000: Versions 16 through 20 are vulnerable because an unauthenticated attacker could bypass this verification mechanism and authenticate with Rockwell Automation CompactLogix 1768, 1769, 5370, 5380, 5480: ControlLogix 5550, 5560, 5570, 5580; DriveLogix 5560, 5730, 1794-L34; Compact GuardLogix 5370, 5380; GuardLogix 5570, 5580; SoftLogix 5800.

D-Link DNS-320 FW v2.06B01 Revision Ax is affected by command injection in the system_mgr.cgi component, which can lead to remote arbitrary code execution.

Some devices of Thales DIS (formerly Gemalto, formerly Cinterion) allow Directory Traversal by physically proximate attackers. The directory path access check of the internal flash file system can be circumvented. This flash file system can store application-specific data and data needed for customer Java applications, TLS and OTAP (Java over-the-air-provisioning) functionality. The affected products and releases are: BGS5 up to and including SW RN 02.000 / ARN 01.001.06 EHSx and PDSx up to and including SW RN 04.003 / ARN 01.000.04 ELS61 up to and including SW RN 02.002 / ARN 01.000.04 ELS81 up to and including SW RN 05.002 / ARN 01.000.04 PLS62 up to and including SW RN 02.000 / ARN 01.000.04

An issue was discovered in AvertX Auto focus Night Vision HD Indoor/Outdoor IP Dome Camera HD838 and Night Vision HD Indoor/Outdoor Mini IP Bullet Camera HD438. Failed web UI login attempts elicit different responses depending on whether a user account exists. Because the responses indicate whether a submitted username is valid or not, they make it easier to identify legitimate usernames. If a login request is sent to ISAPI/Security/sessionLogin/capabilities using a username that exists, it will return the value of the salt given to that username, even if the password is incorrect. However, if a login request is sent using a username that is not present in the database, it will return an empty salt value. This allows attackers to enumerate legitimate usernames, facilitating brute-force attacks. NOTE: this is different from CVE-2020-7057.

Guangzhou 1GE ONU V2801RW 1.9.1-181203 through 2.9.0-181024 and V2804RGW 1.9.1-181203 through 2.9.0-181024 devices allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands via shell metacharacters in the boaform/admin/formPing Dest IP Address field.

The goform/setUsbUnload endpoint of Tenda AC15 AC1900 version 15.03.05.19 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary system commands via the deviceName POST parameter.

In BIG-IP versions 15.0.0-15.1.0.3, 14.1.0-14.1.2.5, 13.1.0-13.1.3.3, 12.1.0-12.1.5.1, and 11.6.1-11.6.5.1, the Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI), also referred to as the Configuration utility, has a Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in undisclosed pages.

The Treck TCP/IP stack before 6.0.1.66 improperly handles a Length Parameter Inconsistency in TCP.

The Treck TCP/IP stack before 6.0.1.66 has an Ethernet Link Layer Integer Underflow.

The Treck TCP/IP stack before 6.0.1.66 has a DHCPv6 Out-of-bounds Read.

The Treck TCP/IP stack before 6.0.1.66 has an Integer Overflow during Memory Allocation that causes an Out-of-Bounds Write.

The Treck TCP/IP stack before 6.0.1.28 has a DHCP Out-of-bounds Read.

The Treck TCP/IP stack before 6.0.1.66 has an IPv6OverIPv4 tunneling Out-of-bounds Read.

The Treck TCP/IP stack before 6.0.1.66 allows Remote Code execution via a single invalid DNS response.

The Treck TCP/IP stack before 6.0.1.41 has an IPv4 tunneling Double Free.

The Treck TCP/IP stack before 6.0.1.66 has an IPv6 Out-of-bounds Read.

The Treck TCP/IP stack before 6.0.1.66 improperly handles an IPv4/ICMPv4 Length Parameter Inconsistency, which might allow remote attackers to trigger an information leak.

The Treck TCP/IP stack before 5.0.1.35 has an Out-of-Bounds Write via multiple malformed IPv6 packets.

The Treck TCP/IP stack before 6.0.1.66 allows Remote Code Execution, related to IPv4 tunneling.

A malicious guest compromised before a container creation (e.g. a malicious guest image or a guest running multiple containers) can trick the kata runtime into mounting the untrusted container filesystem on any host path, potentially allowing for code execution on the host. This issue affects: Kata Containers 1.11 versions earlier than 1.11.1; Kata Containers 1.10 versions earlier than 1.10.5; Kata Containers 1.9 and earlier versions.

The Zephyr MQTT parsing code performs insufficient checking of the length field on publish messages, allowing a buffer overflow and potentially remote code execution. NCC-ZEP-031 This issue affects: zephyrproject-rtos zephyr version 2.2.0 and later versions.

In the Zephyr Project MQTT code, improper bounds checking can result in memory corruption and possibly remote code execution. NCC-ZEP-031 This issue affects: zephyrproject-rtos zephyr version 2.2.0 and later versions.

Comtrend VR-3033 DE11-416SSG-C01_R02.A2pvI042j1.d26m devices have Multiple Authenticated Command Injection vulnerabilities via the ping and traceroute diagnostic pages, as demonstrated by shell metacharacters in the pingIpAddress parameter to ping.cgi.

IBM Watson IoT Message Gateway 2.0.0.x, 5.0.0.0, 5.0.0.1, and 5.0.0.2 is vulnerable to a buffer overflow, caused by improper bounds checking when handling a failed HTTP request with specific content in the headers. By sending a specially crafted HTTP request, a remote attacker could overflow a buffer and execute arbitrary code on the system or cause a denial of service. IBM X-Force ID: 174972.